Have tried upgrading from 4.2 to different versions of 4.3 and receive same error. Other users have reported this in the forums.

System
Error reading from database
More information about this error

Debug info: SQLState: 42000 < br>
Error Code: 448 <br>
Message: [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]lnvalid collation 'SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CS_Al'. <br>

SELECT id FROM mdl_user WHERE LEN(password) = 32 AND password COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CS_AI NOT LIKE N'$2y$%' ESCAPE '\'
[array (
0 = > '$2y$%',
)]
Error code: dmlreadexception

Stack trace:
• line 494 of \lib\dml\moodle_database.php: dml_read_exception thrown
• line 331 of \lib\dml\sqlsrv_native_moodle_database.php: call to moodle_database->query_end()
• line 438 of \lib\dml\sqlsrv_native_moodle_database.php: call to sqlsrv_native_moodle_database->query_end()
• line 907 of \lib\dml\sqlsrv_native_moodle_database.php: call to sqlsrv_native_moodle_database->do_query()
• line 1012 of \lib\dml\sqlsrv_native_moodle_database.php: call to sqlsrv_native_moodle_database-> get_recordset_sql()
• line 3519 of \lib\db\upgrade.php: call to sqlsrv_native_moodle_database->get_fieldset_sql()
• line 1914 of \lib\upgradelib.php: call to xmldb_main_upgrade()
• line 532 of \admin\index.php: call to upgrade_core()